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Articles by "ENGLISH TIPS"
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May 12, 2020 ,
नेपाल शिक्षक सँघ प्रजातन्त्रवादी शिक्षकहरुको हक हित र संरक्षणका लागि स्थापित शिक्षकहरुको एक पेसागत फोरम हो । अर्थात् लोकतान्त्रिक विधि र पद्दतिमा विश्वास गर्ने सम्पूर्ण शिक्षकहरुको आश्रय स्थल हो नेपाल शिक्षक सँघ । यसले स्थापनाकाल देखि नै शिक्षकहरुका साझा मुद्दाहरु उठान गर्दै शिक्षकको हक हित र अधिकारको संरक्षण गर्दै शिक्षकलाई पेसागत रुपमा दक्ष र सक्षम बनाउनका लागि कार्यहरु गर्दै आएको छ । यसले शिक्षकका लागि पुर्याएको योगदानको कदर गर्दै आज यसको स्थापना दिवसको अवसरमा सम्पूर्ण शिक्षकजनमा हार्दिक मंगलमय शुभकामना व्यक्त गर्न चाहन्छु ।

आज शिक्षक सँघ को ३१ औं स्थापना दिवस मनाइरहँदा शिक्षक सँघले वास्तविकरुपमा आफ्नो गन्तव्यमा पुग्नका लागि के कसरी कार्य गरिरहेको छ भन्ने कुराको मनन गर्नु पर्दछ । लोकतान्त्रिक सँस्कार र पद्दतिलाई अंगिकार गरी विद्वत वर्गका समस्या समाधानमा सँघ कसरी कार्य गर्दै छ भन्ने कुरा मुख्य कुरा हो । राज्यद्वारा सृजना गरिएका विभिन्न किसिमका विभेदको अन्त्य गर्दै राज्यमा शिक्षकको अस्तित्व स्थापित गर्ने दिशा तर्फ अबको शिक्षक सँघ अगाडी बढ्नु पर्दछ । शिक्षकलाई एउटा मर्यदाक्रममा समेत स्थापित गर्न नसक्नु के यो हाम्रो पेसागत सँघको कमजोरी होइन र ? किन यस्तो भयो र हामी के मा चुक्यौं ? देश निर्माणका लागि मानव संशाधनको निर्माण गर्ने हामी शिक्षकहरु राज्यको मर्यदाक्रमा उल्लेख नै नहुनु दुर्भाग्यपूर्ण छ ।  त्यसैले पहिलो लडाईं अस्तित्वको हुनु पर्ने देखिन्छ ।
शिक्षण गर्नेलाई शिक्षक भनिन्छ । शिक्षण भनेको सिकाउनु हो जुन एक जटिल कार्य मानिन्छ । शिक्षण अपेक्षित उपलब्धीउन्मुख हुनु पर्दछ जसका लागि सक्षमताको आवश्यकता पर्दछ । एक शिक्षकमा शिक्षणका लागि आवश्यक सम्पूर्ण सक्षमता हुनु पर्दछ भन्ने कुरामा कुनै दुईमत छैन । शिक्षकका सम्पूर्ण कार्य आवश्यक सक्षमता उन्मूख हुनु पर्दछ । सक्षमता प्राप्त गर्न साधनाको आवश्यकता पर्दछ। तसर्थ शिक्षक एक साधक पनि हो । 
शिक्षक सँघको आधारभूत उदेश्य शिक्षकमा आवश्यक सक्षमता अभिवृद्दि गर्नु हुनु पर्दछ ताकि शिक्षकको माध्यमबाट अपेक्षित उपलब्धी विद्यार्थीको पहुँच सम्म पुर्याउन सकियोस् । तसर्थ शिक्षकको सक्षमतामा टेवा पुग्ने कार्यक्रमहरु शिक्षक सँघले गर्नु पर्दछ ।
पेसागत हक हित र अधिकारको सुनिश्चितताकालागि शिक्षक आफ्नो कर्तव्यमा अडिक रहनु पर्दछ । शिक्षणलाई मुख्य पेसा ठानी शिक्षणको धर्म निर्वाह गरेमा मात्र शिक्षकले आफ्ना हक अधिकारका विषयका आवाज उठाउने हैसियत राख्न सक्छन् भन्ने कुरा शिक्षक सँघको बटमलाईन हुनु जरुरी देखिन्छ । शिक्षकलाई शिक्षणमा समर्पित गरी सिकाइका लागि कृयाशील गराउने कार्य शिक्षक सँघले गर्नु पर्दछ ।
सक्षम शिक्षक हुनु भनेको हरेक विषम परिस्थितिका पनि शिक्षणको कार्य को निरन्तरता दिन सक्नु हो । यसका लागि आवश्यक पर्ने सम्पूर्ण सीपको विकासमा शिक्षक सँघले साथ निभाउनु पर्दछ । शिक्षकको संख्यात्मक वृद्दि संगठनको विस्तारमा होला तर शिक्षकको गुणात्मक अभिवृद्दिले पुरै संगठनको जीवन्ततामा टेवा पुग्दछ । 
अहिले शिक्षकलाई समाजले हेय को दृष्टिले हेर्ने गरेको पाइन्छ । शिक्षक वास्तवमा गुरु हो तर अहिलेको समाजले शिक्षकलाई गुरुको रुपमा मान्न छाडेको छ । हरेक प्रकारको कार्यमा पथप्रदर्शकको भूमिका निर्वाह गर्ने शिक्षक अहिले मास्टर साव हुन पुगेका छन्  शिक्षक वास्तवमा गुरु हो । तर यो यथार्थ अहिले छाँयामा पर्न थालेको छ । 
शिक्षकलाई गुरु बनाउने कार्यमा हाम्रो ध्यान जान आवश्यक देखिएको छ । देश निर्माणकालागि  मानवीय सभ्यताको विकासका लागि र मानवमा शुख शान्ति र समवृद्दिका लागि शिक्षण आवश्यक छ । 
शिक्षम सँघले एउटा असल शिक्षक भएर आफ्नो पहिचान कायम गर्दै शैक्षिक विकासका लागि सम्पूर्ण शिक्षकजनलाई समर्पित हुन प्ररणा प्रदान गरोस् । ३१ औं शिक्षक सँघ स्थापना दिवसको शुभकामना ।
गोविन्द भट्टराई
शिक्षक
होमराज लोहनी शारदा शिक्षा सदन माध्यमिक विद्यालय
भानु - २ नारेश्वरटार तनहुँ ।



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February 08, 2020 , ,



Hillary Clinton's Speech

This speech was given by Hilary Clinton during the UNO's fourth world conference on women. It was conducted on September 5, 1995, in Beijing China. In the speech, Hilary gives focuses on women's rights and their equal opportunity on education, career development, advancement, job, health care, power-sharing, and politics.
Women are the basis of human life. They contribute to human life simulating different roles like mother, wives, daughters, learners, workers, caretakers, citizens and leaders. They have equal participation in every work. They have a common feature wherever they live in the world. The women are gathering at Beijing to find the common ground to bring a new horizon of dignity and respect to women throughout the world. The main focus is given to women's rights. If women are healthy and educated, their families will flourish. If women are free form violence and have a chance to work and earn as full and equal partners in society, the family will certainly flourish. When families flourish, the communities and countries will flourish in the world. Hilary says that she has been working the shake of women for about 25 years raising the issues related to women. She states that parents in Denmark talk about how children can be cared for after school centers. Women in South Africa struggle for democracy. The women in the west are working to promote literacy and better health care. The doctors and nurses in Belarus and Ukraine are trying to keep children alive from the effect of nuclear accidents. The women in India and Bangladesh have been trying their best for getting loans to buy mild, cows, rickshaws, etc. Hilary says that she has observed the pain, grief and sorrow of women in many countries. They are suffering from discrimination, poverty, hunger, diseases, etc. Though life if women is painful, they are still hopeful. But, many of them are highly strangled by the dominance of males and made a prostitute. They are suffered from domestic violence. They are tortured in the name of dowries. Even in America, women are not treated well.

Hilary focuses that we must respect the choices that each woman makes for herself and her family. They will never get full dignity until their human rights are protected and ensured. Sexual harassment, rape, discrimination in wages, job, etc. are the violation of human rights.

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February 08, 2020 , ,
Numafung is a film review made by Kesang Sherpa. Numafung is a Limb word. It means a beautiful flower. The film portraits the culture and tradition of the Limbu community in Nepal. It highlights the existing traditions in the ethnic community and its impacts on life.
The film is based on real-life condition of Limbu people who reside in the eastern hills of Nepal. It has tried to give the real flavor of Limbu tradition and culture. The majority of shooting took place at Pachtar district of Nepal where the ethnic groups mostly reside.
The film tells the story of a girl namely Numafung. She is married off twice to men of her parents' choice. But she doesn't have a good relationship with her second husband Girihang. He heats her when he gets drunk. So she leaves her husband. But the family falls in the problem of paying back Sunaulirupauli (bride price) to Girihang. According to their custom, Numa's parents must pay three times the original bride price.
The film shows the real custom and culture of Limbus. Numafung is made partly in the ethnic Limbu language and mostly in the national Nepali language. In the film, thee characters in old age speak in Limbu and the young ones reply in Nepali language. It shows the linguistics gap in old and young generation. The film has three levels of audiences viz. international, national and ethnic communities.
According to the director of Numafung Mr. Nabin Subba, the two main reasons for making the film are to represent minority ethnic groups and to create a distinctly Nepali film with Nepaliness. Despite the international exposure, the film didn't hit the box office. It's because Nepali films with ethnic subjects are not commercially viable. Filmmakers like Nabin Subba are accused by the mainstream society of toying the ethnic line. Ethnic community members claim that Subba has betrayed the ethnic sentiment by catering his film to mainstream society.
The writer categorizes Nepali cinema into two. They are commercial Cinema and Alternative Cinema. Films made in the Bollywood tradition i.e, five songs sequences interspersed with three fight and two rape scenes are considered commercial cinema and outside this tradition would be alternative cinema.
Nepali film industry has been blamed for copying Indian cinemas. Hence, the films should be based on typically Nepali culture and tradition for the national identity. The writer says that films like Numafung is a national film and all films should be kept in the same category to make the marginalized community in the mainstream and there we can get the real flavor of the real Nepali film.

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